Nadradený pojem:
1. Parties shall take the necessary legislative or other measures to provide victims with adequate civil remedies against the perpetrator.
2. Parties shall take the necessary legislative or other measures to provide victims, in accordance with the general principles of international law, with adequate civil remedies against State authorities that have failed in their duty to take the necessary preventive or protective measures within the scope of their powers.
https://rm.coe.int/168008482e